What is Anesthesia? Anesthesia refers to the practices carried out by a team consisting of an anesthesia and reanimation specialist and anesthesia technicians and technicians to increase patient comfort and safety in order to prevent the patient from feeling pain during surgery or various other medical interventions.

The word meaning is numbness. While anesthesia professionals reveal this state of numbness; He encounters many consequences of this situation and tries to control these consequences. The human body is like a machine that continues its activities in balance. The termination and restart of certain activities of this machine can actually explain the anesthesia mechanism to some extent. Surgical interventions cannot be performed without anesthetic drugs. The working logic of anesthesia comes from the fact that it creates a suppressive effect on the central and peripheral nervous system. The nervous system consists of brain, peripheral and spinal cord nerve structures. Messages leaving and returning to the brain are carried by the nerve network distributed throughout the body. In anesthesia, the normal functioning of this communication system is prevented, preventing the transmission of pain signals to the brain. Anesthesia and surgery can cause rapid changes in vital functions. For this reason, the anesthesiologist monitors the physiological variables of the patients using anesthesia equipment and devices during all kinds of applications. Despite today's technological possibilities, the anesthetist's observation still forms the basis of monitoring. Patient Positions and Systemic Effects in Anesthesia Different patient positions for surgical procedures in anesthesia have many systemic effects. Different positions can be applied for many different purposes. Possible situations that require positioning a patient are; Surgical Procedure Applied: The patient should be given a position that allows the surgical procedure to be performed in the most appropriate way. For example, a patient who will undergo surgery due to a lumbar disc herniation requires a prone position. Prevention of Complications: The special systemic effects of the positions may be useful in preventing complications. For example, a patient with high blood pressure may be given a semi-sitting position to ensure that his/her head is above heart level and to prevent an increase in intracranial pressure. Regional Anesthesia Application: Especially in spinal or epidural anesthesia application, the patient must be given a suitable position in order to perform the procedure easily. The most suitable position for a patient; It is the position that has the least effects on the respiratory system and circulatory system. It is a position that will not cause nerve and body injuries. It is a position in which all protruding areas are protected by soft supports and pressure is prevented. It is a position where there is no uncontrolled pressure on organs such as ears, eyes and nose.

What are the Types of Anesthesia?

The type of anesthesia to be applied to the patient is decided by taking into account the type of operation, the general health condition of the person, the length of the procedure and the type of procedure to be performed. There are many different subtypes into which they are divided depending on the way they are applied. Among these, the methods used extensively in the clinical environment are; It can be performed in three different ways: general, regional and local anesthesia. In addition, it is also possible to perform operations under sedoanalgesia (sedation + analgesia).